We drive Pittsburgh’s Penn/Lincoln Parkway East (I-376) between the Edgewood/Swissvale and Monroeville exits on our daily commute, and we’ve noticed recently that they’ve started re-numbering the exits. As part of a very good idea that is being horribly executed, it has been decided to extend Interstate 376 for an additional 70 miles from its current terminus at the Fort Pitt Bridge in downtown Pittsburgh, over the bridge, through the tunnel, all the way out the Parkway West, past the airport, following the current PA Route 60 corridor, crossing over the Turnpike again in Beaver County, and eventually all the way to the junction with Interstate 80 near New Castle. This means that the Edgewood/Swissvale exit, formerly exit 7, becomes exit 77, the Wilkinsburg/Forest Hills exit, formerly exit 8, is now exit 78, and so on, reflecting the conversion of exit numbers on Pennsylvania freeways a few years back from a sequential system to one which indicates the number of miles from either the start of a highway or from the state line.
We say “a good idea that is being horribly executed” for what we think is a number of sound reasons. Pittsburgh is probably the only city of any significant size whose airport is not served by an Interstate highway. Instead, motorists, many of whom are visitors unfamiliar with the peculiarities of Pittsburgh’s roadways, are forced to navigate a mismash of various state, federal and Interstate routes to get from the airport to the city. PA 60 becomes US 22/30, before finally encountering an Interstate (279), all along what is basically the same corridor. Coupled with our woefully inadequate system of freeways in and around the city, it really is something of a civic embarrassment, and hardly the kind of first impression the city should be giving to visitors, the view as you exit the Fort Pitt Tunnels to downtown notwithstanding.
So, short of giving Pittsburgh a decent system of freeways, the sort of thing that some other Pennsylvania cities, say, Harrisburg or Scranton, already have, designating the freeway at Pittsburgh International Airport an Interstate highway is at least a step in the right direction.
That’s the good idea that we referred to.
And it would have been an easy thing to do, as well. Pittsburgh is already served by major Interstates 76 and 79, and by three of their subsidiary routes, 376, 279 and 579. After I-279 South terminates at the I-79 interchange, the Parkway continues out toward the airport as US 22 and 30, until they, too, veer off at the Steubenville Pike exit, taking the Penn/Lincoln Parkway along with them. From this point, PA 60 takes over the corridor as the Airport Parkway.
As a highway, these sections of the Parkway West and the Airport Parkway meet Interstate standards already; indeed a large section of PA 60 is a part of the Pennsylvania Turnpike system, and is a toll road, although not the part that approaches the airport from the city.
It would seem to us that the most cost-effective way to get an Interstate highway at Pittsburgh International Airport would be to designate the Parkway corridor from the I-79/279 junction and beyond as an Interstate highway.
Interstate 479, say.
We don’t pull “Interstate 479” out of our ass, either. There is a method to the numbering of the Interstate Highway System, planned and designed over 50 years ago by some very smart people. They wanted to design a numbering scheme which would allow motorists, no matter where they happened to be, to chart their course in a very general way, and avoid the congestion of cities, simply by the number of the highway that they were on and those that they encountered along their journey.
For example, one and two-digit Interstates are the main lines. Even numbered routes (10, 24, 70, 86, 90) are east/west routes. Odd numbered routes (15, 35, 79, 81) are north/south routes. Furthermore, low-numbered routes were assigned in the west and the south, while higher-numbered routes were assigned in the east and the north. Thus, Interstate 8 is in southern California and Arizona, I-15 runs up and down the west coast, I-10 travels the southern tier from California to Florida, I-80 runs from New York City to San Francisco, I-95 from Maine to Florida, and I-91 through Connecticut and Vermont.
Three-digit Interstates are loops or bypasses through or around a city, or spurs into a city. This is determined by the first digit in the designation. A three-digit route starting with a 2, 4, 6, or 8 constitutes a complete loop or link from one main-line Interstate back on to itself or another. Thus, Pittsburgh’s Interstate 279 begins at the junction with Interstate 79 at the Parkway West, and travels into Pittsburgh, across the rivers at The Point and up into the North Hills, where it eventually re-links with Interstate 79 just south of Wexford. In this case, it links back up with the same highway (I-79), but it doesn’t necessarily have to. If there were a 3-digit highway that started at Interstate 79 and ended at Interstate 76, for example, it too would need an even-number for the first digit; I-876, or perhaps, I-679. The rule is that they start and end at a main line Interstate.
Three-digit Interstates that begin with 1, 3, 5, 7, or 9, however, are spurs which, for the most part, lead into a city. These start at an Interstate (usually a main line, although not necessarily), and they end either at the junction of another three-digit Interstate, or they fizzle out altogether, ending unceremoniously somewhere deep within the bowels of the city.
Thus, here in Pittsburgh, Interstate 376 starts at the junction with the Pennsylvania Turnpike (I-76), and ends (or, used to, anyway) at the Fort Pitt Bridge, at the junction with I-279. Pittsburgh also has Interstate 579, which is spawned from I-279 at the Veterans’ Bridge on the North Side, runs the Crosstown Expressway corridor, and then ends abruptly as it approaches the ramps to the Liberty Bridge.
It’s not a terribly complicated system, and once you understand it, you can pretty much drive on the Interstates throughout the country with just a general idea of where you are going, and make judgments based on the routes you encounter along the way. You still need a map, of course, but the system makes sense, and is particularly useful when trying to avoid traffic jams as you approach urban areas. It has a logical foundation, which is not something we’re used to encountering every day, and so when we do, we welcome it.
There are some minor exceptions, of course, mostly ushered in fairly recently by people whose brains were too small to grasp the intricacies of the system’s methodology, but overwhelmingly it has retained its integrity for over fifty years, which is something else that we’re not accustomed to, quite frankly.
So, when we say that the Parkway West/Airport Parkway section should be designated Interstate 479, we are following the rules that dictate that since the highway would begin at the junction of main line Interstate 79 and would run all the way to main line Interstate 80, it should be a three-digit Interstate, starting with an even number. As 279 is already occupied in the Pittsburgh region, 479 is both available and appropriate.
Actually, it could also be Interstate 880, since either I-79 or I-80 could serve as the basis for the designation. 880 would be the only choice in this instance, because I-280 is in use in eastern Pennsylvania, I-480 in Cleveland, and I-680 in the Youngstown, Ohio area. The closest I-880 in the system is in San Francisco, which is far enough away that it would be permissible for us to use it in Pennsylvania. So as you can see, there are rules about proximity, too.
But we’ll stick with I-479, because Pittsburgh is more of a 79 town than an 80 town.
Of course, we are being logical about all of this, and when one expects logic from one’s public servants, one is more likely than not to be disappointed. And so, perhaps inevitably, our simple, logical solution is not what we’re getting.
Rather, as we indicated at the outset, they’re extending I-376 all the way to I-80, which immediately breaks the system. With this change, I-376 is no longer a spur, but a link between two main lines, thereby disqualifying it for its “3″. Damaging the system still further, Interstate 279 will be terminated, after a “transition period”, at its junction with I-376 at the Fort Pitt Bridge. This will make it a spur, and no longer a loop between two sections of I-79, which means that it no longer deserves its “2″. During this “transition”, the section of the Parkway West between the Ft. Pitt Bridge and I-79 will be marked as both I-279 and I-376 simultaneously, thereby adding to the general confusion.
That’s the horrible execution that we referred to.
In order to correct this under the current plan, I-376 would need to be changed to I-876 (276, 476 and 676 are in use near Philadelphia) in order to reflect its new configuration. Additionally, I-279 would have to change to I-179 (or 379, 779, etc.). Of course, now it’s starting to become a real mess.
In the alternative, they could have left the whole damn thing alone, and do what we suggested, which is to designate the Parkway West/Airport Parkway from the I-79 junction and beyond all the way up to I-80 as Interstate 479. That way, we get our airport Interstate highway, and the system still works.
We suggested this to PennDOT in a letter some time ago, which they dismissed with a, yas, yas, we know, but we’ve already started working on it, and who gives a fuck besides you, anyway?
Or words to that effect.
OK, so that’s a discussion of the topic from the anal-retentive approach of not breaking a working system; let’s now look at it from a cost effectiveness standpoint, in these times of fiscal distress.
If we do it our way, the only new signage that has to be installed is that along the Parkway West/Airport Parkway and then along the rest of PA 60 up to I-80. New overhead signs, new roadside designation signs, the renumbering of the exits, new roadside mileage-marker signs, and new signs on other routes as they approach each interchange.
That’s pretty much it.
On the other hand, doing it their way, extending I-376 from its current terminus to Interstate 80, includes everything from our plan, PLUS:
Renumbering all of the exits on the current I-376 corridor between the Turnpike and downtown, along with new roadside mileage markers. Renumbering all of the exits on what is left of the Interstate 279 corridor, and new roadside mileage markers. Also, on the section that is currently I-279 from the Ft. Pitt Bridge to I-79 going toward the airport (which will now be I-376), we’ll need new overhead signage, new road designation signs, the renumbering of exits, new roadside mileage-marker signs, and new signs on other routes as they approach the interchanges.
We’d also like to point out that much of the signage that is being replaced on the current I-376 is only a few years old, installed during the rehabilitation of the Parkway East over the past couple of years.
Not that it figures into the cost … we’d just like to point that out.
So let’s review: We’re breaking a logical highway numbering system that has functioned well for over half a century, and doing it in such a way as to cost the taxpayers more dollars (almost $2 million more) than it would have cost if we’d done it the right way in the first place.
And everybody wonders why we can’t seem to raise the funds to build the Mon Valley Expressway and the Southern Beltway. Maybe it’s because we’re throwing money away being stupid.
And who’s brilliant idea was all of this?
It was the brainchild of Rick Santorum and Melissa Hart, who jointly pushed it through while they were still in office. We can still remember them touting the fact that they were “bringing an Interstate highway to our airport” in the run up to the 2006 election in which the voters handed both of them their asses. They made it sound like they were building a brand new highway when all it was going to amount to was a superficial change that, in their way of doing it, ended up costing the taxpayers more money than it needed to. And fucking up the Interstate Highway System in the bargain.
Two simple-minded Republican fascist morons who didn’t bother to figure out the right way to get the job done, and to hell with the extra taxpayer’s money involved. And the Republicans are the party that are always blaming the Democrats for “wasteful spending”.
But then, it takes a wasteful spender to know a wasteful spender.
Happy motoring.